The Addition of C, Zn-C and Sn-C on Anatase Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Application

DSSC (dye-sensitized solar cell) is a third-generation photovoltaic technology that can convert energy into electric current using photoelectrochemical mechanism. Photoelectrode one of the significant elements in DSSC, where photoexcited electrons are generated, and serves as an electron transport medium. Anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) often used photoelectrode material because its excellent photoactivity, high stability, non-toxicity, environmental friendliness, low price. Many modifications have been conducted to overcome efficiency limitations them carried out by modifying TiO2 via doping. In this study, doped with C co-doping Zn (Zn-C) Sn (Sn-C) were prepared sol-gel reactions, they subsequently applied tested DSSC. The results showed undoped had porous spherical morphology inhomogeneous particle sizes. addition C, Zn-C Sn-C dopants has reduced crystallite size band gap TiO2. was 3.83%, while best performance obtained from C-TiO2 4.20%. contrast, Zn-C-TiO2 Sn-C-TiO2 produced unexpectedly lower 0.71% 0.85%, respectively.